Artificial turf fields are becoming more common at schools and parks across the country, with proponents citing lower maintenance costs, year-round play, and the accommodation of busy practice and game schedules. But there is growing concern among medical researchers about significant health risks for young athletes playing on these fields. Among the more serious concerns is the myriad of toxic chemicals used in the crumb rubber infill made from recycled tires that can be inhaled when dust is kicked up during play. Heat will increase the volatilization of some substances as well. Other concerns are dangerously high surface temperatures on hot days that threaten dehydration, heat stress or heat stroke, unusual and serious joint injuries, exposure to added flame retardant and disinfection chemicals, and breathing in micro- and nanoplastic particles coming off the plastic field itself.